Definition

Proper noun * Robert Merton: An American sociologist (1910–2003) who made major contributions to the fields of sociology of science, social structure, and deviance. He is known for developing theories such as the strain theory of deviance and concepts like the "self-fulfilling prophecy" and "role model."

Usage Examples

• Proper noun:
  • The work of Robert Merton on social structure and anomie remains highly influential.
  • In his famous essay, Robert Merton analyzed the unintended consequences of purposive social action.

Advanced Usage

• Mertonian norms: Refers to the four institutional imperatives (Communism, Universalism, Disinterestedness, and Organized Skepticism) that Robert Merton proposed as the ethos of modern science.
  • The debate examined whether Mertonian norms accurately describe the practice of contemporary science.

Variants and Related Words

• Mertonian (adj): Pertaining to the theories or work of Robert Merton.
  • The researcher applied a Mertonian framework to the study.

Synonyms

• Sociologist
• Social theorist

Related Terms and Concepts

• Strain theory: A theory of deviance developed by Robert Merton which posits that societal pressure to achieve culturally valued goals (like wealth) without equal access to legitimate means can lead to deviant behavior.
• Self-fulfilling prophecy: A concept popularized by Robert Merton where a false definition of a situation evokes new behavior that makes the originally false conception come true.
• Role model: A term coined by Robert Merton to describe a person whose behavior, example, or success is emulated by others.

Noun

1. United States sociologist (1910-2003)